El ciclo de vida del sistema de participación ciudadana en San Juan de Lurigancho durante las gestiones municipales de Mauricio Rabanal (2003-2006) y Carlos Burgos (2007-2010): esplendor, ruptura y muerte
Fecha
2015
Autores
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Universidad Antonio Ruiz de Montoya
Resumen
Este trabajo es un estudio de caso sobre el Sistema de Participación Ciudadana (SPC) en San Juan de Lurigancho entre el 2003 y 2010. El tema es la participación de los ciudadanos en el contexto de la descentralización y en el ámbito local; cuya pregunta principal de investigación buscar responder: ¿Cuáles fueron los principales alcances y limitaciones del SPC? En este trabajo hemos revisamos documentos oficiales y no oficiales para observar la interacción entre las autoridades y representantes de la sociedad civil. Asimismo, realizamos entrevistas semiestructuradas a actores claves para reconstruir la historia de SPC y recoger sus opiniones frente a los mecanismos o espacios institucionalizados de participación ciudadana del distrito limeño San Juan de Lurigancho.
Este estudio de caso está dividido en tres capítulos. El primero describe el marco teórico y conceptual de la investigación. Señalando las definiciones de democracia y democracia moderna, y posteriormente describiendo las principales características del modelo “representativo” y el “participativo”. Este marco también describe las aproximaciones teóricas de la participación ciudadana y la historia de la misma en el Perú, entre las décadas de los ochenta y noventa, hasta el proceso de descentralización del año 2000. El segundo capítulo describe el caso concreto del SPC, las características del distrito de San Juan de Lurigancho y el proceso de participación ciudadana en el mismo. Seguidamente, como parte central de esta tesis organizamos la información recopilada en los documentos y entrevistas, y reconstruimos el “ciclo de vida del SPC” en tres fases definidas para entender la dinámica del avance y retroceso del proceso participativo señalando el ambiente político, los actores y el impacto: Fase I del esplendor participativo (2003- 2005); Fase II de la ruptura y decadencia del proceso participativo (2006-2007); y Fase III del Reino del Presupuesto Participativo (2008-2010). Finalmente, el tercer capítulo presenta una nueva lectura del proceso de auge y caída del SPC, de acuerdo a información de los entrevistados. Observamos el balance de la participación ciudadana, sus beneficios y límites, respondemos nuestras cuatro hipótesis planteadas al inicio de la investigación y describimos los nuevos hallazgos e información adicional conforme al estudio de campo y revisión de documentos.
This thesis is a case study about the Civic Participation System (CPS) in San Juan de Lurigancho between 2003 and 2010. The central topic is the participation of the citizenry in the context of Peruvian decentralization and in the local zone; the principal research question seeks to answer the following question: what was the scope and what were the principal limitations of the CPS? In this study, we have reviewed official and unofficial documents to observe the interaction between the political authorities and representatives of civil society. Likewise, we performed semi-structured interviews with key actors in order to reconstruct the CPS's history and to gather their opinions regarding the mechanisms or institutionalized spaces of citizen participation in the district of San Juan de Lurigancho. This case study is divided into three chapters. The first chapter describes the theoretical and conceptual framework of the research, noting the definitions of democracy and modern democracy, and then describing the principal characteristics of the two models of democracy: "representative" and "participative". This framework also describes the theoretical approach of the CPS and its history in Peru, from the decades of the eighties and nineties, until the decentralization process in 2000. The second chapter describesthe case study, the characteristics of the San Juan de Lurigancho district and the process of citizen participation in said district. Subsequently, we explain the central part of this thesis. We organize the information compiled in the documents and interviews, and we reconstruct the life cycle of the CPS in three phases to understand the dynamics of the progress and setback of the participative process, taking into account the political environment, the actors and the impacts: Phase I the participative splendor (2003-2005); Phase II the breakdown and decadence of the participative process (2006-2007); and Phase III the Reign of the Participative Budget (2008-2010). Finally, the third chapter presents a new reading of the participative process: of the rise and fall of the SPC, according to information from the interviews. Also, we weigh the benefits and limits of the citizen participation; we address our four hypotheses raised at the beginning of the research; and we describe new findings and additional information, according to the field study and document review.
This thesis is a case study about the Civic Participation System (CPS) in San Juan de Lurigancho between 2003 and 2010. The central topic is the participation of the citizenry in the context of Peruvian decentralization and in the local zone; the principal research question seeks to answer the following question: what was the scope and what were the principal limitations of the CPS? In this study, we have reviewed official and unofficial documents to observe the interaction between the political authorities and representatives of civil society. Likewise, we performed semi-structured interviews with key actors in order to reconstruct the CPS's history and to gather their opinions regarding the mechanisms or institutionalized spaces of citizen participation in the district of San Juan de Lurigancho. This case study is divided into three chapters. The first chapter describes the theoretical and conceptual framework of the research, noting the definitions of democracy and modern democracy, and then describing the principal characteristics of the two models of democracy: "representative" and "participative". This framework also describes the theoretical approach of the CPS and its history in Peru, from the decades of the eighties and nineties, until the decentralization process in 2000. The second chapter describesthe case study, the characteristics of the San Juan de Lurigancho district and the process of citizen participation in said district. Subsequently, we explain the central part of this thesis. We organize the information compiled in the documents and interviews, and we reconstruct the life cycle of the CPS in three phases to understand the dynamics of the progress and setback of the participative process, taking into account the political environment, the actors and the impacts: Phase I the participative splendor (2003-2005); Phase II the breakdown and decadence of the participative process (2006-2007); and Phase III the Reign of the Participative Budget (2008-2010). Finally, the third chapter presents a new reading of the participative process: of the rise and fall of the SPC, according to information from the interviews. Also, we weigh the benefits and limits of the citizen participation; we address our four hypotheses raised at the beginning of the research; and we describe new findings and additional information, according to the field study and document review.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Participación ciudadana, Democracia representativa, Descentralización, Municipalidades, San Juan de Lurigancho, Lima (Perú : Distrito), Administración pública, Ciencia política
Citación
Ponce, J. (2015). El ciclo de vida del sistema de participación ciudadana en San Juan de Lurigancho durante las gestiones municipales de Mauricio Rabanal (2003-2006) y Carlos Burgos (2007-2010): esplendor, ruptura y muerte [Tesis de pregrado, Universidad Antonio Ruiz de Montoya]. Repositorio Institucional UARM. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12833/20