La presunción de inocencia y su relación con la prisión preventiva: enfoque jurisprudencial desde el acuerdo plenario N° 01-2019/CIJ-116
Fecha
2024
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Universidad Antonio Ruiz de Montoya
Resumen
En un contexto donde la sociedad civil permite todo tipo de medidas con tal de sentir seguridad (penas desproporcionadas, detenciones arbitrarias con fines de colaboración eficaz y estado de emergencia de orden distrital), surge el problema de la prisión preventiva como forma de penalización inmediata o pena anticipada, esto es, como parte de una política punitiva de primera línea frente al delito. El presente trabajo evidenciará el uso y abuso de la prisión preventiva en la praxis judicial penal desde un enfoque jurisprudencial, esto es, desde la emisión del Acuerdo Plenario N° 01-2019/CIJ-116 expedido por la Corte Suprema de Justicia de la República, a fin de contrastar dicha medida cautelar de carácter personal con la presunción de inocencia que le asiste a todo investigado. Además, se abordará el problema planteado desde los errores de aplicación e interpretación de la prisión preventiva en la jurisdicción ordinaria y su relación con el discurso populista penal imperante en nuestra región. Por último, ofreceremos la más reciente jurisprudencia expedida por el Tribunal Constitucional, la Corte Suprema de Justicia de la República y la Fiscalía Suprema en lo Penal, con el fin de analizar sus criterios de interpretación y la consolidación del acuerdo plenario antes citado, respecto al carácter última ratio de la prisión preventiva.
In a context where civil society allows all types of measures in order to feel safe (disproportionate penalties, arbitrary detentions for the purposes of effective collaboration and a state of district emergency), the problem of preventive detention arises as a form of immediate or anticipated punishment, that is, as part of a first-line punitive policy against crime. This work will demonstrate the use and abuse of preventive detention in criminal judicial practice from a jurisprudential approach, that is, since the issuance of Plenary Agreement No. 01-2019/CIJ-116 issued by the Supreme Court of Justice of the Republic, to contrast said precautionary measure of a personal nature with the presumption of innocence that assists every investigator. In addition, the problem raised will be addressed from the errors of application and interpretation of preventive detention in the ordinary jurisdiction and its relationship with the criminal populist discourse prevailing in our region. Finally, we will offer the most recent jurisprudence issued by the Constitutional Court, the Supreme Court of Justice of the Republic, and the Supreme Criminal Prosecutor's Office, to analyze their interpretation criteria and the consolidation of the plenary agreement regarding the character last ratio of preventive detention.
In a context where civil society allows all types of measures in order to feel safe (disproportionate penalties, arbitrary detentions for the purposes of effective collaboration and a state of district emergency), the problem of preventive detention arises as a form of immediate or anticipated punishment, that is, as part of a first-line punitive policy against crime. This work will demonstrate the use and abuse of preventive detention in criminal judicial practice from a jurisprudential approach, that is, since the issuance of Plenary Agreement No. 01-2019/CIJ-116 issued by the Supreme Court of Justice of the Republic, to contrast said precautionary measure of a personal nature with the presumption of innocence that assists every investigator. In addition, the problem raised will be addressed from the errors of application and interpretation of preventive detention in the ordinary jurisdiction and its relationship with the criminal populist discourse prevailing in our region. Finally, we will offer the most recent jurisprudence issued by the Constitutional Court, the Supreme Court of Justice of the Republic, and the Supreme Criminal Prosecutor's Office, to analyze their interpretation criteria and the consolidation of the plenary agreement regarding the character last ratio of preventive detention.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Presunción de inocencia, Prisión preventiva, Populismo, Medidas cautelares, Corte Suprema, Procesos judiciales, Perú, Derecho
Citación
Lazo, V. (2024). La presunción de inocencia y su relación con la prisión preventiva: enfoque jurisprudencial desde el acuerdo plenario N° 01-2019/CIJ-116. [Tesis de pregrado, Universidad Antonio Ruiz de Montoya]. Repositorio Institucional UARM. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12833/2563