Mejora de la producción de una empresa metalmecánica mediante la implementación formal del área de planeamiento y control de operaciones
Fecha
2019
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Universidad Antonio Ruiz de Montoya
Resumen
El objetivo de la investigación es plantear una propuesta de mejora para una empresa que pertenece al sector metalmecánica, dedicada a ofrecer servicios de reparación de componentes de motores eléctricos y fabricar piezas mecánicas, localizada en el distrito de Ate Vitarte. Se seleccionó este sector porque es parte fundamental de la estructura productiva de la economía, esto se debe a que está relacionado con otros sectores industriales como la minería, construcción, agricultura, textil, entre otros. Además, el 99% está conformado por la Micro y Pequeña Empresa, según el reporte de Producción manufacturera (Ministerio de Producción, 2018).
Por otro lado, la mayoría de empresas que pertenecen a este sector realizan sus trabajos utilizando métodos empíricos, porque desconocen el uso de metodologías que les permitan utilizar sus recursos eficientemente y de esta manera lograr reducir costos.
La propuesta de mejora que se plantea a continuación será elaborada con la implementación de herramientas de la manufactura esbelta, el modelo SCOR y aplicando conceptos de Planificación y Control de Operaciones, la ejecución en conjunto permitirá lograr los siguientes objetivos:
1. Realizar la planificación de la producción de acuerdo a la capacidad de la planta.
2. Reducir los tiempos de reparación de componentes de motores eléctricos.
3. Aumentar la capacidad de la planta.
Finalmente, después de realizar el análisis de costo-beneficio se puede concluir que la propuesta es viable obteniéndose un beneficio neto de S/.49,108.72. El periodo de evaluación ha sido de dos años, donde el periodo de retorno de la inversión es de 9 meses.
The objective of the research is to propose an improvement proposal for a company that belongs to the metalworking sector, dedicated to offer repair services for electric motor components and mechanical parts, located in the district of Ate Vitarte. This sector was selected because it is a fundamental part of the productive structure of the economy; this is because it is related to other industrial sectors such as mining, construction, agriculture, textiles, among others. In addition, 99% is made up of the SMEs, according to the Manufacturing Production report (Ministry of Production, 2018). On the other hand, most companies that belong to this sector perform their work using empirical methods, because they are unaware of the use of methodologies that allow them to use their resources efficiently and thus achieve lower costs. The proposed improvement that is outlined below will be developed with the implementation of lean manufacturing tools, the SCOR model and applying concepts of Operations Planning and Control, the joint execution will achieve the following objectives: 1. Carry out the planning of the production according to the capacity of the plant. 2. Reduce the repair times of electric motor components. 3. Increase the capacity of the plant. Finally, after performing the cost-benefit analysis, it can be concluded that the proposal is viable, obtaining a net benefit of S/. 49,108.72. The evaluation period has been two years, where the return period of the investment is 9 months.
The objective of the research is to propose an improvement proposal for a company that belongs to the metalworking sector, dedicated to offer repair services for electric motor components and mechanical parts, located in the district of Ate Vitarte. This sector was selected because it is a fundamental part of the productive structure of the economy; this is because it is related to other industrial sectors such as mining, construction, agriculture, textiles, among others. In addition, 99% is made up of the SMEs, according to the Manufacturing Production report (Ministry of Production, 2018). On the other hand, most companies that belong to this sector perform their work using empirical methods, because they are unaware of the use of methodologies that allow them to use their resources efficiently and thus achieve lower costs. The proposed improvement that is outlined below will be developed with the implementation of lean manufacturing tools, the SCOR model and applying concepts of Operations Planning and Control, the joint execution will achieve the following objectives: 1. Carry out the planning of the production according to the capacity of the plant. 2. Reduce the repair times of electric motor components. 3. Increase the capacity of the plant. Finally, after performing the cost-benefit analysis, it can be concluded that the proposal is viable, obtaining a net benefit of S/. 49,108.72. The evaluation period has been two years, where the return period of the investment is 9 months.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Industrias metalmecánicas, Empresas, Procesos de manufactura, Control de la producción, Operaciones, Ingeniería industrial, Ingeniería