Conflictos sociales : formas cómo inciden en la gobernabilidad : el caso del Conflicto minero del Proyecto Conga, 2011-2012
Fecha
2019
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Editor
Universidad Antonio Ruiz de Montoya
Resumen
Los conflictos sociales en torno a la minería en Perú y, particularmente en Cajamarca,
se originan por diferentes tipos de razones, muchas veces, complejas: la defensa del
territorio, los reclamos por los recursos naturales, la contaminación de fuentes naturales
de agua, la protección del medio ambiente, la falta de acceso de la mayoría de las
poblaciones a los beneficios que trae la minería, etc. (De Echave y Diez, 2013). Entre
esas razones, la defensa del agua contra la expansión de la Minera Yanacocha hacia la
zona de Conga, considerada cabeceras de cuenca, había ocasionado un conflicto cuya
magnitud superó los espacios regionales provocando inestabilidades en el gobierno del
expresidente Ollanta Humala. Los conflictos sociales, como en el caso de Conga,
adquieren diferentes formas para incidir en la gobernabilidad y, requieren ser abordados
con un espíritu democrático, considerando las sensibilidades de los actores estratégicos,
para permitir la construcción o el fortalecimiento de la gobernabilidad. Sin embargo, el
tema de Conga ha puesto a la luz las debilidades del Estado en cuestión de prevención,
gestión y/o transformación del conflicto y, constituye al mismo tiempo, una
interpelación hacia todos los actores estratégicos cuyas acciones pueden comprometer o
fortalecer la gobernabilidad.
The social conflicts surrounding mining in Peru and, particularly in Cajamarca, originate from different, often complex, types of reasons: the defense of the territory, the claims for natural resources, the contamination of natural water sources, the protection of the environment, the lack of access of most of the populations to the benefits that mining brings, etc. (De Echave and Diez, 2013). Among those reasons, the defense of the water against the expansion of the Yanacocha Mining Company towards the area of Conga, considered basin headwaters, had caused a conflict whose magnitude exceeded the regional spaces causing instability in the government of former President Ollanta Humala. Social conflicts, as in the case of Conga, take different forms to influence governance and, they need to be approached with a democratic spirit, considering the sensitivities of strategic actors, to allow the construction or strengthening of governance. However, the issue of Conga has highlighted the weaknesses of the State in terms of prevention, management and / or transformation of the conflict and, at the same time, constitutes an interpellation towards all strategic actors whose actions can compromise or strengthen governance.
The social conflicts surrounding mining in Peru and, particularly in Cajamarca, originate from different, often complex, types of reasons: the defense of the territory, the claims for natural resources, the contamination of natural water sources, the protection of the environment, the lack of access of most of the populations to the benefits that mining brings, etc. (De Echave and Diez, 2013). Among those reasons, the defense of the water against the expansion of the Yanacocha Mining Company towards the area of Conga, considered basin headwaters, had caused a conflict whose magnitude exceeded the regional spaces causing instability in the government of former President Ollanta Humala. Social conflicts, as in the case of Conga, take different forms to influence governance and, they need to be approached with a democratic spirit, considering the sensitivities of strategic actors, to allow the construction or strengthening of governance. However, the issue of Conga has highlighted the weaknesses of the State in terms of prevention, management and / or transformation of the conflict and, at the same time, constitutes an interpellation towards all strategic actors whose actions can compromise or strengthen governance.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Proyecto Conga (Cajamarca), Conflictos sociales, Gobernabilidad, Minería, Ciencia política, Administración pública
Citación
Ngbouando, E. (2019). Conflictos sociales : formas cómo inciden en la gobernabilidad : el caso del Conflicto minero del Proyecto Conga, 2011-2012 [Tesis de maestría, Universidad Antonio Ruiz de Montoya]. Repositorio Institucional UARM. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12833/2003