Representaciones maternas en madres de niños con autismo
Fecha
2020
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Universidad Antonio Ruiz de Montoya
Resumen
La investigación tuvo como objetivo explorar las representaciones maternas en madres de niños con autismo en un centro de salud privado de Lima. Fue un estudio cualitativo basado en la recolección de información mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas realizadas a nueve madres que tienen un hijo primogénito hombre que presenta al menos un año de diagnóstico autista. Se consideraron cinco “primeros” modelos representacionales de Stern. Se encontró que las participantes percibieron el diagnóstico como un proceso de duelo y de aceptación, los cuales están influenciados por el soporte formal e informal que reciben durante estas fases. Asimismo, las madres comprenden las características del autismo como condiciones patológicas y singulares, las cuales han influido en el establecimiento de un vínculo cercano o distante con sus hijos, así como en el desarrollo de un rol materno más protagónico que se ha caracterizado por un mayor involucramiento en el cuidado de sus hijos, además de sacrificios personales. Asimismo, las progenitoras perciben que, luego de la noticia del diagnóstico, la relación con sus progenitores/as se ha fortalecido convirtiéndose en un referente de apoyo para sus hijos lo que a su vez ha contraído un efecto positivo no solo al niño sino a la madre. En esa misma línea, las progenitoras también perciben que, ante la noticia del diagnóstico, la relación con su pareja se ha establecido desde una perspectiva parental, mas no conyugal, y que el apoyo recibido por estos es valorado y ha repercutido en la construcción de sus representaciones maternas.
The objective of the research was to explore maternal representations in mothers of children with autism in a private health center in Lima. It was a qualitative study based on the collection of information through semi-structured interviews carried out with nine mothers who have a male first-born son with at least one year of autistic diagnosis. Five "first" representational Stern models were considered. It was found that the participants perceived the diagnosis as a process of mourning and acceptance, which are influenced by the formal andinformal support they receive during these phases. Likewise, mothers understand the characteristics of autism as pathological and unique conditions, which have influenced the establishment of a close or distant bond with their children, as well as the development of a more leading maternal role that has been characterized by a greater involvement in the care of their children, in addition to personal sacrifices. Likewise, the parents perceive that, after the news of the diagnosis, their relationship with their parents has strengthened, becoming a reference of support for their children, which in turn has had a positive effect not only on the child but also on the mother. Along the same lines, the parents also perceive that, upon the news of the diagnosis, the relationship with their partner has been established from a parental perspective, but not a conjugal one, and that the support received by them is valued and has had an impact on the construction of her maternal representations.
The objective of the research was to explore maternal representations in mothers of children with autism in a private health center in Lima. It was a qualitative study based on the collection of information through semi-structured interviews carried out with nine mothers who have a male first-born son with at least one year of autistic diagnosis. Five "first" representational Stern models were considered. It was found that the participants perceived the diagnosis as a process of mourning and acceptance, which are influenced by the formal andinformal support they receive during these phases. Likewise, mothers understand the characteristics of autism as pathological and unique conditions, which have influenced the establishment of a close or distant bond with their children, as well as the development of a more leading maternal role that has been characterized by a greater involvement in the care of their children, in addition to personal sacrifices. Likewise, the parents perceive that, after the news of the diagnosis, their relationship with their parents has strengthened, becoming a reference of support for their children, which in turn has had a positive effect not only on the child but also on the mother. Along the same lines, the parents also perceive that, upon the news of the diagnosis, the relationship with their partner has been established from a parental perspective, but not a conjugal one, and that the support received by them is valued and has had an impact on the construction of her maternal representations.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Autismo, Relación padres-hijos, Madres, Hijos, Maternidad, Psicología
Citación
Estrada, M. (2020). Representaciones maternas en madres de niños con autismo [Tesis de pregrado, Universidad Antonio Ruiz de Montoya]. Repositorio Institucional UARM. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12833/2141