Vínculo afectivo entre cuidadoras y los niños de cuatro centros de atención residencial en Lima Metropolitana
Fecha
2024
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Universidad Antonio Ruiz de Montoya
Resumen
El presente estudio permite conocer las vivencias en el vínculo afectivo desde la perspectiva de las cuidadoras, así como identificar los elementos que facilitan y ponen en riesgo este vínculo entre las cuidadoras y los niños de cuatro Centros de Atención Residencial (CAR) en Lima metropolitana. Se empleó un enfoque cualitativo con un diseño fenomenológico. Para ello, se aplicó una entrevista semiestructurada a 8 cuidadoras con más de un año de experiencia en la institución que cuidan a niños entre 4 a 8 años de edad. En relación a los hallazgos se identificaron dos dimensiones asociadas al vínculo afectivo: apego y desarrollo emocional. El estudio concluye que el vínculo afectivo tiene una relación directa desde el afecto, el cual en ocasiones es limitado por las cuidadoras debido al conflicto interno que sienten cuando sobrepasan su rol como cuidadoras al rol materno. Además, un factor de riesgo es la falta de acciones o prácticas de contención emocional por parte de las cuidadoras ante reacciones emocionales de frustración de los niños. Ellos no evidencian un desarrollo emocional acorde a sus edades ante ese tipo de situaciones. Mientras que un factor de fortalecimiento es la participación activa de las cuidadoras en diferentes actividades.
The present study allows us to know the experiences in the emotional bond from the perspective of the caregivers, as well as to identify the elements that facilitate and put at risk this bond between the caregivers and the children of four Residential Care Centers (CAR) in metropolitan Lima. The qualitative approach was used from a phenomenological design. The instrument was a semi-structured interview that was applied to 8 caregivers with more than one year of experience in the institution, who are in charge of children between 4 and 8 years of age. The findings identified two dimensions associated with the emotional bond: attachment and emotional development. The study concludes that the emotional bond has a direct relationship from affection, which is sometimes limited by caregivers because of the internal conflict they feel when they exceed their role as caregivers to the maternal role. Furthermore, a risk factor is the lack of actions or practices emotional support from caregivers in response to children’s emotional reactions of frustration. They do not show emotional development according to their ages in these types of situations. While a strengthening factor is the active participation of caregivers in different activities.
The present study allows us to know the experiences in the emotional bond from the perspective of the caregivers, as well as to identify the elements that facilitate and put at risk this bond between the caregivers and the children of four Residential Care Centers (CAR) in metropolitan Lima. The qualitative approach was used from a phenomenological design. The instrument was a semi-structured interview that was applied to 8 caregivers with more than one year of experience in the institution, who are in charge of children between 4 and 8 years of age. The findings identified two dimensions associated with the emotional bond: attachment and emotional development. The study concludes that the emotional bond has a direct relationship from affection, which is sometimes limited by caregivers because of the internal conflict they feel when they exceed their role as caregivers to the maternal role. Furthermore, a risk factor is the lack of actions or practices emotional support from caregivers in response to children’s emotional reactions of frustration. They do not show emotional development according to their ages in these types of situations. While a strengthening factor is the active participation of caregivers in different activities.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Vínculo afectivo, Desarrollo emocional, Relaciones interpersonales, Niños, Casas de recogimiento, Lima Metropolitana, Área (Perú), Psicología
Citación
Zeña, S. (2024). Vínculo afectivo entre cuidadoras y los niños de cuatro centros de atención residencial en Lima Metropolitana [Tesis de pregrado, Universidad Antonio Ruiz de Montoya]. Repositorio Institucional UARM. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12833/2626