Patologías de libre mercado : hacia crítica inmanente del liberalismo económico
Fecha
2019
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Editor
Universidad Antonio Ruiz de Montoya
Resumen
La presente investigación constituye metodológicamente una crítica del liberalismo económico contemporáneo a través de la reconstrucción y del análisis de un argumento concreto a favor de dicha postura. En primera instancia, se examinan las dificultades epistémicas y los problemas éticos que subyacen a la primera premisa de dicho argumento, a saber, que la reducción histórica de la pobreza extrema mundial es consecuencia del florecimiento del libre mercado. En segundo lugar, se desarrolla una problematización del supuesto liberal a propósito de la relación causal entre ingreso y bienestar subjetivo, evidenciando los riesgos sociales y políticos que se derivarían de asumir dicha premisa. En tercer lugar, se efectúa una breve reconstrucción histórica del concepto de “libre” mercado con la finalidad de mostrar sus alcances, limitaciones, presupuestos y, sobre todo, problemas; en particular, se enfatiza que la situación actual del “libre” mercado atenta contra la democracia y el estado de derecho, lo cual constituye además una contradicción interna respecto de los propios principios del liberalismo político. Por tales razones, se propone comprender y revalorizar el concepto de socialismo no como un sistema económico dado, sino fundamentalmente como una crítica inmanente del liberalismo económico y de los usos dogmáticos de sus conceptos centrales. A modo de conclusión, se establecen las bases para poder desarrollar investigaciones ulteriores acerca de una patología social concreta que se encuentra estrechamente ligada con el liberalismo económico contemporáneo, a saber: aquello que hemos denominado como gestión afectiva.
This research constitutes, methodologically, a critique of contemporary economic liberalism through the reconstruction and analysis of a concrete argument in favor of such a stance. In the first place, we examine the epistemic difficulties and ethical problems that lie beneath the first premise of this argument, that is to say, that the historical reduction of extreme poverty is the consequence of free market’s flourishing. In the second place, we explain and question the liberal presupposition about a causal link between income and subjective well-being, thus showing the social and political risks that would derive from assuming such premise. In the third place, we develop a brief historical reconstruction of the concept of “free” market in order to exhibit its scope, limitations, presuppositions and, most of all, problems; particularly, we emphasize that the “free” market’s current situation threatens democracy and the rule of law, which in addition constitutes an internal contradiction with regard to political liberalism’s own principles. For these reasons, we propose to comprehend and revalue the concept of socialism, not as a given economic system, but rather and most fundamentally as an immanent critique of economic liberalism and the dogmatic use of its main concepts. As a conclusion, we establish the basis to develop further research about a concrete social pathology that is closely related to contemporary economic liberalism, that is, what we have called affective management.
This research constitutes, methodologically, a critique of contemporary economic liberalism through the reconstruction and analysis of a concrete argument in favor of such a stance. In the first place, we examine the epistemic difficulties and ethical problems that lie beneath the first premise of this argument, that is to say, that the historical reduction of extreme poverty is the consequence of free market’s flourishing. In the second place, we explain and question the liberal presupposition about a causal link between income and subjective well-being, thus showing the social and political risks that would derive from assuming such premise. In the third place, we develop a brief historical reconstruction of the concept of “free” market in order to exhibit its scope, limitations, presuppositions and, most of all, problems; particularly, we emphasize that the “free” market’s current situation threatens democracy and the rule of law, which in addition constitutes an internal contradiction with regard to political liberalism’s own principles. For these reasons, we propose to comprehend and revalue the concept of socialism, not as a given economic system, but rather and most fundamentally as an immanent critique of economic liberalism and the dogmatic use of its main concepts. As a conclusion, we establish the basis to develop further research about a concrete social pathology that is closely related to contemporary economic liberalism, that is, what we have called affective management.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Economía de mercado libre, Liberalismo económico, Socialismo, Crítica social, Patología, Filosofía
Citación
Maruy, R. (2019). Patologías de libre mercado : hacia crítica inmanente del liberalismo económico [Tesis de pregrado, Universidad Antonio Ruiz de Montoya]. Repositorio Institucional UARM. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12833/2047