Estrategias de afrontamiento en situaciones de estrés académico en universitarios migrantes de una universidad privada de Lima Metropolitana
Fecha
2018
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Universidad Antonio Ruiz de Montoya
Resumen
El objetivo de esta investigación fue describir las estrategias de afrontamiento utilizadas por los universitarios migrantes de una universidad privada de Lima Metropolitana en situaciones de estrés académico. Para ello, utilizamos el Cuestionario de Estimación del Afrontamiento- COPE. Los participantes fueron 100 estudiantes universitarios migrantes de segundo y tercer año de ambos sexos, de las carreras Educación Intercultural Bilingüe, Ingeniería Industrial y Psicología, de 18 a 25 años.
Los resultados muestran que las estrategias de afrontamiento más utilizadas por los participantes son re-interpretación positiva y crecimiento, búsqueda de soporte social por razones emocionales, planificación y afrontamiento activo. Respecto a las diferencias significativas según sexo encontramos afrontamiento religioso a favor de las mujeres, mientras que los varones utilizan uso del humor y uso de substancias. Referente a las diferencias por carrera, los estudiantes de Educación Intercultural Bilingüe utilizaron más la estrategia desentendimiento conductual con respecto a los estudiantes de Ingeniería Industrial, quienes utilizaron más uso del humor. Por su parte, los estudiantes psicología utilizaron más la estrategia afrontamiento religioso. Finalmente, la tendencia de los participantes de este estudio es a utilizar con más frecuencia las estrategias centradas en el problema y las centradas en la emoción, estas son consideradas como las más saludables y que de alguna manera ayudan a reducir el estrés.
The objective of this research was to describe the coping strategies taken into practice by immigrant students from a private university in Lima when facing different situations of academic stress. For that matter, we used the COPE Questionnaire. The test was taken by one hundred students from different careers such as Bilingual-Intercultural Education, Industrial Engineering and Psychology who are in the second and third year of their career at the same University and whose ages varied between 18 to 25 years old. The results show that the strategies they used the most were positive reinterpretation and self-growth, searching for social support for emotional reasons, planning and active management. In regards to the gender differences, we found out that women tended to use the religious coping strategy while men went for humor and substance abuse. There were also differences between the students in different careers. On one hand, the behavioral misunderstanding strategy was more often used by the Bilingual-Intercultural Education students than the Engineering students, who preferred using humor. On the other hand, religious coping was the strategy chosen by the majority of Psychology students. Finally, we can conclude that the majority of participants tend to use strategies related to the problem itself and the ones based on the emotion; these strategies are known as the healthiest and the most helpful when it comes to reducing stress.
The objective of this research was to describe the coping strategies taken into practice by immigrant students from a private university in Lima when facing different situations of academic stress. For that matter, we used the COPE Questionnaire. The test was taken by one hundred students from different careers such as Bilingual-Intercultural Education, Industrial Engineering and Psychology who are in the second and third year of their career at the same University and whose ages varied between 18 to 25 years old. The results show that the strategies they used the most were positive reinterpretation and self-growth, searching for social support for emotional reasons, planning and active management. In regards to the gender differences, we found out that women tended to use the religious coping strategy while men went for humor and substance abuse. There were also differences between the students in different careers. On one hand, the behavioral misunderstanding strategy was more often used by the Bilingual-Intercultural Education students than the Engineering students, who preferred using humor. On the other hand, religious coping was the strategy chosen by the majority of Psychology students. Finally, we can conclude that the majority of participants tend to use strategies related to the problem itself and the ones based on the emotion; these strategies are known as the healthiest and the most helpful when it comes to reducing stress.
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Afrontamiento, Estrés, Aprendizaje, Estudiantes universitarios, Migrantes, Universidades particulares, Lima Metropolitana, Área (Perú), Psicología