Aplicación del estudio del trabajo para mejorar la productividad de mano de obra en una empresa de productos desinfectantes
Fecha
2021
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Universidad Antonio Ruiz de Montoya
Resumen
La presente tesis titulada: “Aplicación del estudio del trabajo para mejorar la productividad de mano de obra en una empresa de productos desinfectantes, busco mejorar la productividad de la mano de obra, teniendo como base, la herramienta del estudio de trabajo; desarrollando una investigación de diseño pre - experimental. La población está formada por todas las actividades que realizan los 3 colaboradores involucrados en el sistema productivo por ello se empleó la observación directa, para desarrollar el estudio de tiempos utilizamos el método del cronometro con la vuelta cero donde se pudo encontrar que el cuello de botella en la etapa de envasado y mezclado para los diferentes productos. Para trabajar de manera correcta la información, se validó los instrumentos a través del juicio de expertos; utilizando técnicas e instrumentos confiables, así para poder dar solución se aplicó la herramienta diagrama de actividades y procesos (DAP) mismo que nos permitió identificar todas las actividades improductivas, se obtuvo como resultado 75% de la lejía; quita sarro 62%, saca grasa 66%, del mismo modo se realizó un análisis de los principales causas que generaban la baja productividad de la mano de obra; con el uso del diagrama Ishikawa se identificó las causas primarias y para la mejora se realizó un balance de línea en el área de producción mismo que dio como resultados una reducción de las estaciones, a través de ello se pudo lograr el incremento de la eficiencia de línea en la lejía 86%, quita sarro 87%, saca grasa 90%, luego se empleó la técnica del interrogatorio, este nos sirvió para poder realizar un diagnóstico al problema de distribución dentro del área de producción finalmente al realizar la implementación se desarrolló un nuevo DAP el cual permitió reducir 9% en la lejía, 8% en el Quita sarro y 8% en el Saca Grasa de actividades que no generan valor en el proceso productivo. Así mismo se diseñó un layout el cual permitió la reducción de distancias recorridas de manera innecesaria por el operario, realizando también una redistribución en el área de producción donde se incluyen un espacio para los insumos y utensilios. Se concluye que la implementación de esta investigación incrementó la productividad de la mano de obra en los trabajadores de ARY en 15% en la lejía, quita sarro 29%, saca grasa 28%. Se pudo comprobar mediante el análisis estadístico que se realizó en una comparación del antes y después de la productividad de la mano de obra, mediante la prueba de T-Student para muestras paramétricas dio como resultado un nivel de significancia menor a 0.005; esto generó que aceptemos la hipótesis planteada que la aplicación del estudio de trabajo mejoró la productividad de la mano de obra.
The present thesis titled: “Application of work study to improve labor productivity in "ARY Servicios Generales S.A.C", 2020, I seek to improve labor productivity, based on the work study tool; developing a pre-experimental design investigation. The population is made up of all the activities carried out by the 3 collaborators involved in the production system, therefore direct observation was used, to develop the time study we used the chronometer method with zero lap where it could be found that the bottleneck in the packaging and mixing stage for the different products. To work the information correctly, the instruments were validated through the judgment of experts; Using reliable techniques and instruments, in order to solve the problem, the Activity and Process Diagram (DAP) tool was applied, which allowed us to identify all unproductive activities, resulting in 75% of the bleach; tartar remover 62%, grease remover 66%, in the same way an analysis was carried out of the main causes that generated the low productivity of the workforce; With the use of the Ishikawa diagram, the primary causes were identified and for the improvement a line balance was applied in the production area, which resulted in a reduction of the stations, through which it was possible to achieve an increase in the efficiency of line by bleach 86%, tartar remover 87%, grease remover 90%, then the interrogation technique was used, this helped us to make a diagnosis of the distribution problem within the production area. Finally, when carrying out the implementation, a new DAP which allowed a 9% reduction in the bleach, 8% in the Tartar Remover and 8% in the Grease remover of activities that do not generate value in the production process. Likewise, a layout was designed which allowed the reduction of distances traveled unnecessarily by the operator, also carrying out a redistribution in the production area where a space for supplies and utensils are included. It is concluded that the implementation of this research increased the productivity of labor in ARY workers by 15% in bleach, tartar remover 29%, grease remover 28%. It was possible to verify by means of the statistical analysis that was carried out in a comparison of the before and after the productivity of the workforce, by means of the T-Student test for parametric samples, it resulted in a level of significance lower than 0.005; This led us to accept the hypothesis that the application of the work study improved the productivity of the labor force.
The present thesis titled: “Application of work study to improve labor productivity in "ARY Servicios Generales S.A.C", 2020, I seek to improve labor productivity, based on the work study tool; developing a pre-experimental design investigation. The population is made up of all the activities carried out by the 3 collaborators involved in the production system, therefore direct observation was used, to develop the time study we used the chronometer method with zero lap where it could be found that the bottleneck in the packaging and mixing stage for the different products. To work the information correctly, the instruments were validated through the judgment of experts; Using reliable techniques and instruments, in order to solve the problem, the Activity and Process Diagram (DAP) tool was applied, which allowed us to identify all unproductive activities, resulting in 75% of the bleach; tartar remover 62%, grease remover 66%, in the same way an analysis was carried out of the main causes that generated the low productivity of the workforce; With the use of the Ishikawa diagram, the primary causes were identified and for the improvement a line balance was applied in the production area, which resulted in a reduction of the stations, through which it was possible to achieve an increase in the efficiency of line by bleach 86%, tartar remover 87%, grease remover 90%, then the interrogation technique was used, this helped us to make a diagnosis of the distribution problem within the production area. Finally, when carrying out the implementation, a new DAP which allowed a 9% reduction in the bleach, 8% in the Tartar Remover and 8% in the Grease remover of activities that do not generate value in the production process. Likewise, a layout was designed which allowed the reduction of distances traveled unnecessarily by the operator, also carrying out a redistribution in the production area where a space for supplies and utensils are included. It is concluded that the implementation of this research increased the productivity of labor in ARY workers by 15% in bleach, tartar remover 29%, grease remover 28%. It was possible to verify by means of the statistical analysis that was carried out in a comparison of the before and after the productivity of the workforce, by means of the T-Student test for parametric samples, it resulted in a level of significance lower than 0.005; This led us to accept the hypothesis that the application of the work study improved the productivity of the labor force.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Productividad, Industria de desinfectantes, Proceso de mejoramiento continuo, Planificación de la producción, Ingeniería industrial
Citación
Palomino, R. (2021). Aplicación del estudio del trabajo para mejorar la productividad de mano de obra en una empresa de productos desinfectantes [Tesis de pregrado, Universidad Antonio Ruiz de Montoya]. Repositorio Institucional UARM. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12833/2300