Estudio de prefactibilidad de instalación planta automatizada para la producción de celdas de iones de litio en Juliaca-Puno
Fecha
2023
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Universidad Antonio Ruiz de Montoya
Resumen
El estudio evalúa la viabilidad técnica, comercial, financiera, económica y social de la implementación de la primera planta automatizada productora de celdas de ion de litio (Baterías Li-ion) en el Perú, con el fin de su comercialización a nivel mundial como la mejor opción en acumuladores de energía eléctrica y que sean sostenibles, principalmente por su alta densidad de carga o larga vida útil y su ligero peso a comparación de otras celdas en el mercado, esta es una gran oportunidad para participar junto a las multinacionales empresas en los sectores tecnológicos y en alza en la actualidad, como por ejemplo: El sector de vehículos eléctricos, sector de infraestructuras autosostenibles, y componentes electrónicos (Smartphones, laptops, tablet´s, entre otros).
Su composición se basa en la unión de tres estructuras básicas: Primero, la capa de aluminio (Al) que cubre el óxido de litio (〖Li〗_2 O) obtenido principalmente de la recién operativa y explotada mina de Macusani al norte de Puno. Segundo, la capa de cobre (Cu) que cubre al grafito (C), ambos recursos obtenidos de las diferentes minas en todo el territorio peruano, ya que tenemos el puesto N°2 como exportador de cobre a nivel mundial. Y tercero, la capa aislante junto al electrolito o ácido sulfúrico (H_2 〖SO〗_4).
El diseño comercial de la celda, cilíndrica y pequeña casi igual que una pila convencional, hace que su fabricación sea automatizada, rápida, segura y calidad; con ayuda de la tecnología de automatización de la empresa alemana “KUKA”, se planea diseñar una planta óptima no tan solo en los espacios de trabajo de 1,000m^2 en la zona industrial de Puno-Juliaca, sino también que sea ecológica, sostenible y eficiente; frente a la amplia y creciente demanda de más de 3,5 billones de celdas de ion de litio por año, y eso, si solo hablamos de la empresa GIGAFACTORY TESLA, y su meta anual de 500,000 vehículos eléctricos al año. Además, se proyecta que el mercado de celdas de ion de litio se convierta es una industria de 90 billones de dólares anuales en los próximos 10 años.
La inversión total es de S/. 4.552.360; el 75% financiado a través de entidades bancarias y gobiernos locales, nacionales e internacionales y el 25% dirigido para inversionistas con carácter de acciones. El proyecto generará resultados beneficiosos para los accionistas, presentando un VANF de S/. S/ 1.957.154; una TIR de 86,49%, y una relación beneficio/costo de 2,72 en un periodo de recuperación aproximada de 1 año y 3 meses.
The study evaluates the technical, commercial, financial, economic and social feasibility of the implementation of the first automated plant producing lithium-ion cells (Li-ion batteries) in Peru, in order to market them worldwide as the best option in electric energy accumulators and that are sustainable, mainly due to their high charge density or long useful life and their light weight compared to other cells on the market, this is a great opportunity to participate alongside multinational companies in the technological sectors that are currently on the rise, such as: The electric vehicle sector, self-sustainable infrastructure sector, and electronic components (Smartphones, laptops, tablets, among others). Its composition is based on the union of three basic structures: First, the aluminium layer (Al) that covers the lithium oxide (〖Li〗_2 O) obtained mainly from the recently operational and exploited Macusani mine in the north of Puno. Second, the copper (Cu) layer that covers the graphite (C), both resources obtained from the different mines throughout the Peruvian territory, as we are the No. 2 copper exporter in the world. And thirdly, the insulating layer together with the electrolyte or sulphuric acid (H_2 〖SO〗_4). The commercial design of the cell, cylindrical and small almost like a conventional battery, makes its manufacture automated, fast, safe and of high quality; with the help of the automation technology of the German company ""KUKA"", it is planned to design an optimal plant not only in the working space of 1,000m^2 in the industrial zone of Puno-Juliaca, but also to be ecological, sustainable and efficient; The plant is designed to meet the large and growing demand for more than 3.5 billion lithium-ion cells per year, and that's if we are talking about the GIGAFACTORY TESLA company alone, and its annual target of 500,000 electric vehicles per year. In addition, the lithium-ion cell market is projected to become a 90 billion dollar per year industry in the next 10 years. The total investment is S/. 4.552.360; 75% financed through banks and local, national and international governments and 25% directed to equity investors. The project will generate beneficial results for the shareholders, presenting an NPV of S/. S/. 1.957.154; an IRR of 86,49%, and a benefit/cost ratio of 2,72 in an approximate recovery period of 1 year and 3 months.
The study evaluates the technical, commercial, financial, economic and social feasibility of the implementation of the first automated plant producing lithium-ion cells (Li-ion batteries) in Peru, in order to market them worldwide as the best option in electric energy accumulators and that are sustainable, mainly due to their high charge density or long useful life and their light weight compared to other cells on the market, this is a great opportunity to participate alongside multinational companies in the technological sectors that are currently on the rise, such as: The electric vehicle sector, self-sustainable infrastructure sector, and electronic components (Smartphones, laptops, tablets, among others). Its composition is based on the union of three basic structures: First, the aluminium layer (Al) that covers the lithium oxide (〖Li〗_2 O) obtained mainly from the recently operational and exploited Macusani mine in the north of Puno. Second, the copper (Cu) layer that covers the graphite (C), both resources obtained from the different mines throughout the Peruvian territory, as we are the No. 2 copper exporter in the world. And thirdly, the insulating layer together with the electrolyte or sulphuric acid (H_2 〖SO〗_4). The commercial design of the cell, cylindrical and small almost like a conventional battery, makes its manufacture automated, fast, safe and of high quality; with the help of the automation technology of the German company ""KUKA"", it is planned to design an optimal plant not only in the working space of 1,000m^2 in the industrial zone of Puno-Juliaca, but also to be ecological, sustainable and efficient; The plant is designed to meet the large and growing demand for more than 3.5 billion lithium-ion cells per year, and that's if we are talking about the GIGAFACTORY TESLA company alone, and its annual target of 500,000 electric vehicles per year. In addition, the lithium-ion cell market is projected to become a 90 billion dollar per year industry in the next 10 years. The total investment is S/. 4.552.360; 75% financed through banks and local, national and international governments and 25% directed to equity investors. The project will generate beneficial results for the shareholders, presenting an NPV of S/. S/. 1.957.154; an IRR of 86,49%, and a benefit/cost ratio of 2,72 in an approximate recovery period of 1 year and 3 months.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Estudios de viabilidad, Fábricas, Celdas de litio, Producción, Juliaca, Pun. (Perú : Distrito), Ingeniería industrial
Citación
Lozano, J. (2023). Estudio de prefactibilidad de instalación planta automatizada para la producción de celdas de iones de litio en Juliaca-Puno [Tesis de pregrado, Universidad Antonio Ruiz de Montoya]. Repositorio Institucional UARM. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12833/2521